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Related Concept Videos

Deleterious Substances in Aggregate01:25

Deleterious Substances in Aggregate

Deleterious substances in aggregates can be detrimental to the quality and durability of concrete. These substances include organic impurities like loam, which interfere with cement hydration and are usually present in the sand. These prevent a good bond between aggregate and cement paste. Organic impurities can be detected using the colorimetric test, where the darkness of a solution after agitation indicates the level of organic content.
Another type of impurity is clay and fine material that...

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Synthesis and Advanced NMR Characterization of Ordered 3D Reticular Materials with PolySilicate Nodes and Hydrophobic OrganoSilicone Linkers.

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Experimental Protocol to Investigate Particle Aerosolization of a Product Under Abrasion and Under Environmental Weathering
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The nanosilica hazard: another variable entity.

Dorota Napierska1, Leen C J Thomassen, Dominique Lison

  • 1Unit of Lung Toxicology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

Particle and Fibre Toxicology
|December 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) show potential in medicine but their toxicity requires more study. Research indicates cellular effects and reversible lung inflammation, but standardized data is needed for safety assessments.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are increasingly used in commercial products and medicine.
  • Limited information exists on the toxicity of amorphous and nano-sized silica compared to larger crystalline forms.
  • Nanoparticles exhibit unique properties that may lead to different biological effects than bulk materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physico-chemical properties of nano-sized silica materials relevant to biological interactions.
  • To summarize current in vitro and in vivo toxicity data for nanosilica, focusing on inhalation exposure.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and the need for standardized research materials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nanosilica toxicity.
  • Analysis of in vitro studies examining cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammation.
  • Evaluation of in vivo studies assessing lung responses to nanosilica exposure.

Main Results:

  • In vitro studies show size- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity, increased ROS, and pro-inflammatory responses.
  • In vivo studies indicate largely reversible lung inflammation, granuloma formation, and focal emphysema.
  • No evidence of progressive lung fibrosis was observed in the reviewed studies.

Conclusions:

  • Further research with standardized nanosilica materials is essential.
  • Comparative studies are needed to link specific physico-chemical properties to observed toxicity.
  • Understanding nanosilica toxicity is crucial for safe application in medicine and industry.