Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

1.3K
Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...
1.3K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

2.1K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.1K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

1.5K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.5K
Forced Transdifferentiation01:28

Forced Transdifferentiation

1.5K
Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial...
1.5K
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

1.4K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
1.4K
Cellular Differentiation00:57

Cellular Differentiation

5.7K
How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ChREBP Is Dispensable for Myofiber Type Switch but Promotes Skeletal Muscle Regeneration.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

The clinical efficacy analysis of ultrasound-assisted minimally invasive treatment for Jakob Type II humeral lateral condyle fractures in children.

Frontiers in pediatrics·2026
Same author

Electrochemical Oxidation Property of Antioxidative Substances in the Oil-Based Solution.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

ICR-LAMP: A one-pot isothermal assay enabled by transient spatial separation and dynamic ICR for high-specificity SNP genotyping.

Biosensors & bioelectronics·2026
Same author

Fluctuation-induced quenching of chaos in quantum optics.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Integrating habitat and population dynamics to uncover dispersal-driven persistence in a reintroduced Crested Ibis metapopulation.

Current zoology·2026
Same journal

Molecular Docking of Bioactive Compounds Against BRCA and COX Proteins.

Progress in drug research. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres des recherches pharmaceutiques·2016
Same journal

Isolation of Compounds.

Progress in drug research. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres des recherches pharmaceutiques·2016
Same journal

Detection of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds Using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC).

Progress in drug research. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres des recherches pharmaceutiques·2016
Same journal

Protein Bioavailability in Animal Model.

Progress in drug research. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres des recherches pharmaceutiques·2016
Same journal

Anti-tumour Activity.

Progress in drug research. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres des recherches pharmaceutiques·2016
Same journal

Induction of Apoptosis.

Progress in drug research. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres des recherches pharmaceutiques·2016
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

15.4K

Small molecules in cellular reprogramming and differentiation.

Xu Yuan1, Wenlin Li, Sheng Ding

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Progress in Drug Research. Fortschritte Der Arzneimittelforschung. Progres Des Recherches Pharmaceutiques
|December 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small molecules are key to controlling cell fate for research and therapies. These compounds can guide stem cell reprogramming and differentiation, offering potential treatments for diseases and injuries.

More Related Videos

Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming
08:56

Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming

Published on: July 30, 2016

6.0K
Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
09:07

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

Published on: June 10, 2018

9.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
10:32

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model

Published on: September 6, 2014

15.4K
Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming
08:56

Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming

Published on: July 30, 2016

6.0K
Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency
09:07

Chemical Reversion of Conventional Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to a Naïve-like State with Improved Multilineage Differentiation Potency

Published on: June 10, 2018

9.2K

Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Chemical Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Somatic cell reprogramming and directed differentiation enable patient-specific pluripotent cell generation.
  • Chemical compounds modulating enzymes and signaling pathways regulate cellular processes.
  • Small molecules are crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and reprogramming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on small molecules controlling cell fate.
  • To highlight the role of small molecules in stem cell applications and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on small molecule-mediated cell fate control.
  • Analysis of studies demonstrating small molecule applications in stem cell reprogramming and differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Small molecules effectively regulate stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and reprogramming.
  • In vitro applications include generating specific cell types for research.
  • In vivo therapeutic potential exists for degenerative diseases, injuries, and cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Small molecules are versatile tools for controlling cell fate in vitro and in vivo.
  • They hold significant promise for advancing biomedical research and developing novel therapeutics.