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Determination of Crystal Structures

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...

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Improving High Viscosity Extrusion of Microcrystals for Time-resolved Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at X-ray Lasers

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Towards ETEM serial crystallography: Electron diffraction from liquid jets.

D P Deponte¹, J T McKeown, U Weierstall

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. Daniel.deponte@desy.de

Ultramicroscopy

|December 15, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed liquid diffraction rings using a 200 keV electron beam. Thin liquid samples below 800 nm showed clear intermolecular spacing, enabling transmission electron microscopy studies.

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Published on: May 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Physical Chemistry
Electron Microscopy

Background:

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique for analyzing materials at the nanoscale.
Studying liquids with TEM presents challenges due to their dynamic nature and interaction with the electron beam.
Understanding intermolecular spacing in liquids is crucial for various chemical and physical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of observing intermolecular spacing in thin liquid films using transmission electron microscopy.
To determine the minimum liquid thickness required for obtaining diffraction patterns from liquids.
To demonstrate the application of this technique for studying common liquids like water and isopropanol.

Main Methods:

Producing a thin column of liquid (below 800 nm) within an environmental chamber of a transmission electron microscope.
Irradiating the liquid samples with a 200 keV electron beam.
Analyzing the resulting diffraction patterns, specifically looking for diffraction rings indicative of intermolecular spacing.

Main Results:

Successfully generated thin liquid columns of water and isopropanol.
Observed distinct diffraction rings, confirming the presence of intermolecular spacing in the liquid samples.
Found that diffraction rings became visible above the inelastic background for liquid thicknesses below 800 nm.

Conclusions:

Thin liquid films can be studied using transmission electron microscopy to reveal intermolecular spacing.
A liquid thickness below 800 nm is critical for obtaining clear diffraction data.
This method provides a new avenue for in-situ electron microscopy studies of liquid matter.