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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...

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Related Experiment Video

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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Large core-shell poly(methyl methacrylate) colloidal clusters: synthesis, characterization, and tracking.

Mark T Elsesser1, Andrew D Hollingsworth, Kazem V Edmond

  • 1Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, 4 Washington Place, New York, New York 10003, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|December 31, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a method to create large, uniform, fluorescently labeled poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles for colloidal clusters. These novel clusters enable precise measurements using confocal microscopy.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Colloid Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Dispersion polymerization is a key method for synthesizing polymer latex particles.
  • Controlling particle size and properties is crucial for advanced applications like colloidal assembly.
  • Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a versatile polymer with numerous applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multistep procedure for synthesizing large, monodisperse, fluorescently labeled core-shell PMMA particles.
  • To investigate the influence of reaction parameters on particle properties for colloidal cluster fabrication.
  • To demonstrate the utility of synthesized colloidal clusters in quantitative microscopy studies.

Main Methods:

  • Dispersion polymerization of PMMA in an apolar solvent.
  • Controlled adjustment of initiator and chain transfer agent concentrations.
  • Synthesis of core-shell PMMA latex particles with diameters > 2 μm.
  • Fabrication and characterization of colloidal clusters.
  • Confocal microscopy for tracking particle motion in three dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully produced large (diameter > 2 μm), monodisperse, fluorescently labeled core-shell PMMA particles.
  • Demonstrated control over particle physical properties by tuning reaction parameters.
  • Synthesized novel nonspherical colloidal clusters suitable for dispersion in matching solvents.
  • Measured translational and rotational diffusion coefficients of a tetrahedral cluster.

Conclusions:

  • The developed procedure enables precise synthesis of PMMA particles for colloidal cluster formation.
  • The resulting colloidal clusters are valuable for quantitative studies using confocal microscopy.
  • Findings offer new insights into PMMA dispersion polymerization in apolar media.