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Related Concept Videos

Amnesia01:13

Amnesia

Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

Semantic memory disorders.

J R Hodges1, K Patterson

  • 1The MRC Applied Chaucer Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 2EF.; the University of Cambridge Neurology Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK CB2 2QQ.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|January 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Semantic memory, crucial for knowledge of facts and words, involves the temporal lobe. Semantic dementia selectively impairs this memory, unlike Alzheimer's disease.

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A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
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Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Semantic memory underpins knowledge of objects, facts, and words.
  • The left infero-lateral temporal lobe is a key brain region involved.
  • The distinction between semantic and episodic memory is a subject of ongoing research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the neural underpinnings of semantic memory.
  • To differentiate semantic memory deficits in various neurological conditions.
  • To investigate the pattern of knowledge loss in semantic dementia and encephalitis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on semantic memory and related disorders.
  • Analysis of case studies involving semantic dementia and Herpes simplex encephalitis.
  • Examination of patterns of preserved and lost knowledge in affected patients.

Main Results:

  • Semantic dementia shows selective loss of fine-grained semantic knowledge, with preserved superordinate knowledge.
  • Alzheimer's disease presents with broader memory deficits, overshadowing semantic impairments.
  • Herpes simplex encephalitis can lead to disproportionate loss of knowledge about natural kinds versus artefacts.

Conclusions:

  • Semantic memory relies on distributed neural networks, potentially with specific regional specializations.
  • Distinct neurological conditions impact semantic memory in unique ways, offering insights into its structure.
  • Damage to neural systems supporting perceptual versus functional features may explain differential knowledge loss.