Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fast Reactions01:27

Fast Reactions

Fast reactions occurring in times shorter than the time needed to mix reactants pose a unique challenge for investigation. In a liquid-phase continuous-flow system, reactants A and B are swiftly pushed into the mixing chamber, where mixing occurs within 1 ms. The reaction mixture then flows through an observation tube, and one measures light absorption to determine species concentrations at various points of the tube. This method is most appropriate when relatively large volumes of reactants...
Catalytically Perfect Enzymes01:07

Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.
Reaction Rate02:53

Reaction Rate

The rate of reaction is the change in the amount of a reactant or product per unit time. Reaction rates are therefore determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates of reactions that consume or produce gaseous substances, for example, are conveniently determined by measuring changes in volume or pressure.
The mathematical representation of the change in the concentration of reactants and products, over time, is the rate...
Reaction Mechanisms: Rate-limiting Step Approximation01:29

Reaction Mechanisms: Rate-limiting Step Approximation

The rate-determining step, or RDS, in a chemical reaction is the slowest step that determines the overall reaction rate. It is identified by using the observed rate law and typically involves approximation methods like the RDS approximation or the steady-state approximation.In the RDS approximation, also known as the rate-limiting-step or equilibrium approximation, the reaction mechanism consists of one or more reversible reactions near equilibrium, followed by a slower RDS, and then one or...
Transition State Theory01:25

Transition State Theory

Transition-state theory, also known as activated-complex theory, provides a molecular-level explanation of reaction rates in both gas-phase and solution-phase reactions. It extends earlier kinetic models by considering the formation of a short-lived, high-energy configuration during a reaction.The progress of a chemical reaction can be represented using a reaction profile, which plots potential energy against the reaction coordinate. As two reactant molecules approach one another, their...
Predicting Reaction Outcomes02:24

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Probing and modeling cell-cell communication in 2D biomimetic tissues.

Soft matter·2026
Same author

Flips reveal the universal impact of memory on random explorations.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Probing particle dynamics in a fully opaque porous network using X-ray differential dynamic radiography (XDDR).

Soft matter·2025
Same author

Exact Propagators of One-Dimensional Self-Interacting Random Walks.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Long-term memory induced correction to Arrhenius law.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Aging dynamics of d-dimensional locally activated random walks.

Physical review. E·2024
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Molecular Diffusion in Plasma Membranes of Primary Lymphocytes Measured by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
12:06

Molecular Diffusion in Plasma Membranes of Primary Lymphocytes Measured by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: February 1, 2017

Optimal reaction time for surface-mediated diffusion.

O Bénichou1, D Grebenkov, P Levitz

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (UMR 7600), case courrier 121, Université Paris 6, 4 Place Jussieu, 75255 Paris Cedex, France.

Physical Review Letters
|January 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surface-mediated diffusion in confined spaces can be optimized. We found that reaction times are minimized by controlling the desorption rate, enhancing interfacial reactivity in chemical and biological systems.

More Related Videos

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy
12:15

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: April 9, 2019

Real Time Measurements of Membrane Protein:Receptor Interactions Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
09:35

Real Time Measurements of Membrane Protein:Receptor Interactions Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)

Published on: November 29, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Molecular Diffusion in Plasma Membranes of Primary Lymphocytes Measured by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy
12:06

Molecular Diffusion in Plasma Membranes of Primary Lymphocytes Measured by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: February 1, 2017

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy
12:15

Image Processing Protocol for the Analysis of the Diffusion and Cluster Size of Membrane Receptors by Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: April 9, 2019

Real Time Measurements of Membrane Protein:Receptor Interactions Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)
09:35

Real Time Measurements of Membrane Protein:Receptor Interactions Using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)

Published on: November 29, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Chemical Physics
  • Biophysical Chemistry

Background:

  • Molecules in confined environments often exhibit surface-mediated diffusion.
  • Understanding interfacial reactions requires considering both surface and bulk diffusion dynamics.
  • Previous models often neglect the geometric effects of confinement on diffusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To calculate the mean first-passage time for surface-mediated diffusion to a target on a spherical domain.
  • To investigate the role of correlations between diffusion and confinement geometry.
  • To identify mechanisms for optimizing reaction times in interfacial systems.

Main Methods:

  • Exact calculation of mean first-passage time.
  • Modeling surface-mediated diffusion in 2D and 3D spherical domains.
  • Analysis of coupled switching dynamics and confinement geometry.

Main Results:

  • The study reveals the significance of correlations induced by the coupling of switching dynamics to confinement geometry.
  • Reaction time can be minimized by adjusting the desorption rate from the surface.
  • A general mechanism for enhancing and regulating reactivity in confined interfacial systems is proposed.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-mediated diffusion in confined spherical domains is precisely calculated.
  • Optimizing desorption rates offers a strategy to enhance interfacial reaction efficiency.
  • The findings provide insights into controlling chemical and biological reactivity in confined systems.