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Published on: November 7, 2017
Cardiovascular risk and lupus disease.
M Boucelma1, F Haddoum, H Chaudet
1Department of Internal Medicine, Mohamed Lamine Debaghine Hospital, Algiers, Algeria. mboucelma@yahoo.fr
Summary
Young women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) exhibit significant subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors, necessitating early detection and intervention to prevent vascular events.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Cardiology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients.
- Subclinical atherosclerosis and its associated risk factors are prevalent in SLE.
- Early detection of CVD risk in SLE is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate subclinical atherosclerosis in SLE patients.
- To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in SLE.
- To identify associations between CVRF, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular events in SLE.
Main Methods:
- 153 SLE patients underwent physical examination, carotid and leg artery ultrasound, and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) measurement.
- Myocardial tomoscintigraphy was performed in 94 patients.
- Laboratory tests included lipids, homocysteine, glucose, and vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-I).
Main Results:
- High prevalence of CVRF: dyslipidemia (62.8%), hyperhomocysteinemia (55%), obesity (39%), hypertension (35%).
- Subclinical atherosclerosis detected: carotid atheroma (20.9%), femoral/popliteal artery calcification (70%).
- Abnormalities linked to CVD events: perfusion defects (P<0.01-0.02), hypertension (P<0.0006), carotid plaques (P<0.01).
Conclusions:
- Young women with SLE frequently have subclinical atherosclerosis.
- SLE patients exhibit a high burden of cardiovascular risk factors.
- Proactive screening for atherosclerosis and CVRF is essential in SLE management.
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