Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...

Antiprotozoal Agents

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Neonatal PBPK model of midazolam and its metabolites for perinatal asphyxia and therapeutic hypothermia.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026

Same author

Full RAMIE vs Hybrid RAMIE: a retrospective study on outcomes evaluation and cost considerations.

Updates in surgery·2025

Same author

Long-term durability and temporal pattern of revisional surgery of laparoscopic large hiatal hernia repair.

Updates in surgery·2025

Same author

Methods and Models for Studying <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> in Respiratory Infections.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Same author

DPYD genotype should be extended to rare variants: report on two cases of phenotype / genotype discrepancy.

Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology·2025

Same author

Melatonin Attenuates <i>Ferritinophagy</i>/Ferroptosis by Acting on Autophagy in the Liver of an Autistic Mouse Model BTBR T<sup>+</sup>Itpr3<sup>tf</sup>/J.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Published on: February 14, 2018

Antifungal prophylaxis in neonates.

Paolo Manzoni¹, Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Stefano Rizzollo

¹Neonatology and NICU, A.O. Regina Margherita-S.Anna. S. Anna Hospital, Torino, Italy. paolomanzoni@hotmail.com

Early Human Development

|January 22, 2011

Summary

Preventing fungal infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is crucial. Pharmacological prevention with fluconazole effectively reduces fungal sepsis in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates.

More Related Videos

Live Imaging of Antifungal Activity by Human Primary Neutrophils and Monocytes in Response to A. fumigatus

Live Imaging of Antifungal Activity by Human Primary Neutrophils and Monocytes in Response to A. fumigatus

Published on: April 19, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Broth Microdilution In Vitro Screening: An Easy and Fast Method to Detect New Antifungal Compounds

Published on: February 14, 2018

Live Imaging of Antifungal Activity by Human Primary Neutrophils and Monocytes in Response to A. fumigatus

Live Imaging of Antifungal Activity by Human Primary Neutrophils and Monocytes in Response to A. fumigatus

Published on: April 19, 2017

Area of Science:

Neonatology
Infectious Diseases
Mycology

Background:

Fungal infections pose a significant threat in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), with increasing incidence and diagnostic challenges.
Preterm neonates are particularly susceptible to Candida spp. infections, leading to severe neurodevelopmental sequelae in survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the importance of specific prevention strategies for fungal infections in neonates.
To evaluate the efficacy of fluconazole in preventing fungal sepsis in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates.

Main Methods:

Review of current strategies for fungal infection prevention in NICUs.
Assessment of pharmacological prevention, specifically fluconazole, in VLBW neonates.

Main Results:

Fluconazole prophylaxis has demonstrated high effectiveness in reducing fungal sepsis rates among VLBW neonates.
Minimizing invasive care and drug stewardship are also key components of prevention.

Conclusions:

Specific prevention, particularly with fluconazole, is the optimal strategy for neonatal fungal infections.
Alternative preventive options like nystatin, bovine lactoferrin, and probiotics require further conclusive assessment.