Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Antigen Processing Pathways01:31

Antigen Processing Pathways

MHC molecules are key players in the immune response, enabling T cells to recognize and respond to specific antigens. They are present on the surface of all nucleated cells in the body and are instrumental in presenting antigens to T cells and activating them. T cells recognize the MHC-antigen complex and initiate an immune response. MHC class I and MHC class II are two main types of MHC molecules, each associated with a distinct antigen processing pathway.
MHC Class I: Presenting Endogenous...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nomenclature for Factors of the HLA System, 2026.

HLA·2026
Same author

Inhibitory KIRs decrease HLA class II-mediated protection in Type 1 Diabetes.

PLoS genetics·2024
Same author

Bioengineered small extracellular vesicles deliver multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigenic fragments and drive a broad immunological response.

Journal of extracellular vesicles·2024
Same author

Polymorphic KIR3DL3 expression modulates tissue-resident and innate-like T cells.

Science immunology·2023
Same author

Comparison of NK alloreactivity prediction models based on KIR-MHC interactions in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Frontiers in immunology·2023
Same author

KIR in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Need for a Unified Paradigm for Donor Selection.

Frontiers in immunology·2022
Same journal

Interleukin-6: A Potential Link in the Pathophysiology of Restless Legs Syndrome.

Immunology letters·2026
Same journal

The dendritic cell identity crisis: why conflicting classifications demand a consensus framework?

Immunology letters·2026
Same journal

The malignancy within: what cancer teaches us about human bonds.

Immunology letters·2026
Same journal

Progranulin enhances complement component 5a-primed neutrophil activation in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.

Immunology letters·2026
Same journal

The newly identified role of TRIM72, an E3 ligase, in NINJ1-mediated plasma membrane rupture: focus on its anti-inflammatory function.

Immunology letters·2026
Same journal

The subsets of circulating follicular helper T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of Autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Immunology letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation
12:09

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Published on: February 28, 2019

The MHC, disease and selection.

John Trowsdale1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road and CIMR, Addenbrookes Site, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Immunology Letters
|January 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) significantly influences autoimmune diseases and even non-immune conditions like neuropathologies. MHC genetic variation is shaped by selection for disease resistance, impacting individual and population health.

More Related Videos

Induction of Graft-versus-host Disease and In Vivo T Cell Monitoring Using an MHC-matched Murine Model
10:29

Induction of Graft-versus-host Disease and In Vivo T Cell Monitoring Using an MHC-matched Murine Model

Published on: August 29, 2012

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin
11:17

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin

Published on: March 10, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation
12:09

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Published on: February 28, 2019

Induction of Graft-versus-host Disease and In Vivo T Cell Monitoring Using an MHC-matched Murine Model
10:29

Induction of Graft-versus-host Disease and In Vivo T Cell Monitoring Using an MHC-matched Murine Model

Published on: August 29, 2012

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin
11:17

Stability and Structure of Bat Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I with Heterologous β2-Microglobulin

Published on: March 10, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Immunology
  • Human Disease Susceptibility
  • Evolutionary Medicine

Background:

  • Whole genome screens identify common genetic variations contributing to disease.
  • High-throughput SNP genotyping enables large-scale genetic association studies.
  • The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is strongly associated with autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey conditions associated with the human MHC.
  • To explore the role of MHC variation in disease resistance and evolution.
  • To investigate MHC's influence on both immune and non-immune related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of large-scale genetic data from whole genome screens.
  • Examination of associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes and disease.
  • Review of existing literature on MHC associations and evolutionary pressures.

Main Results:

  • MHC class I and class II genes are major determinants of autoimmunity susceptibility.
  • MHC influences a wide range of conditions, including autoimmune diseases and neuropathologies.
  • MHC variation is likely driven by selection for resistance to infectious diseases.

Conclusions:

  • MHC genetic variation plays a critical role in human health and disease.
  • Many MHC-associated diseases may represent a trade-off for robust immune responses.
  • MHC's influence extends beyond immunity, suggesting complex interactions with various physiological systems.