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Related Concept Videos

Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

Muscles for Facial Expressions

The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...

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In Vivo Functional Assessment of Rat Masseter Muscle Following Surgical Creation of a Volumetric Muscle Loss (VML) Injury
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Relationship between masseter muscle size and maxillary morphology.

Yasuki Uchida1, Mitsuru Motoyoshi, Toru Shigeeda

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.

European Journal of Orthodontics
|January 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Larger masseter muscles correlate with specific craniofacial changes, impacting maxillary positioning and potentially influencing jaw growth patterns. This research explores masseter muscle size and its relation to facial bone structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology
  • Biomechanical Analysis of Masticatory Muscles

Background:

  • Understanding the relationship between masticatory muscle size and craniofacial morphology is crucial for diagnosing and treating skeletal discrepancies.
  • The masseter muscle plays a significant role in mastication and can influence facial growth and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between masseter muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and bite force with specific craniofacial measurements, particularly maxillary dimensions.
  • To explore how masseter muscle hypertrophy relates to anterior and posterior facial heights and skeletal relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Cephalometric analysis was performed on 24 adult patients.
  • Masseter muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured using ultrasonography in both relaxed and clenched states.
  • Bite force was quantified using pressure-sensitive film.

Main Results:

  • Masseter muscle size (CSA) showed significant correlations with various anterior and posterior facial height ratios (e.g., UAFH/TAFH, LAFH/TAFH, LPFH/TPFH).
  • Increased masseter size was associated with a downward shift of the anterior maxilla and an upward shift of the posterior maxilla.
  • Bite force correlated positively with lower posterior face height (LPFH)/total posterior face height (TPFH) and negatively with upper posterior face height (UPFH)/total posterior face height (TPFH).

Conclusions:

  • Masseter muscle size is a significant factor influencing craniofacial morphology, particularly the vertical and anteroposterior dimensions of the maxilla.
  • The observed changes suggest that masseter hypertrophy may contribute to clockwise rotation of the maxilla and affect mandibular plane inclination.
  • These findings have implications for understanding skeletal growth patterns and guiding orthodontic and surgical interventions.