Related Concept Videos
01:17Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals
Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
01:29Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
01:20Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
01:22Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers. Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
01:14Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission
Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels. Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
01:26Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation
Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
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Updated: Jun 4, 2026
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Using Cyclic Voltammetry, UV-Vis-NIR, and EPR Spectroelectrochemistry to Analyze Organic Compounds
Published on: October 18, 2018
Metallomic EPR spectroscopy.
1Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628BC Delft, The Netherlands. w.r.hagen@tudelft.nl
Metallomics : Integrated Biometal Science
|February 10, 2011
Summary
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy offers a unique approach to studying metallomics, enabling the investigation of metallobiomolecular complexes within their native systems. This review details whole-system bioEPR techniques and their diverse applications.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Biophysics
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Metallomics involves studying the complete set of metal-related species in biological systems.
- Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for analyzing paramagnetic species.
- Understanding metallobiomolecular interactions is crucial for biological processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define and position Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy within the field of metallomics.
- To review the techniques of whole-system bioEPR spectroscopy.
- To discuss the historical, current, and future applications of bioEPR in studying metallobiomolecular systems.
Main Methods:
- Explicitly defining biomolecular EPR spectroscopy and the metallome.
- Describing specific whole-system bioEPR spectroscopy techniques.
- Analyzing the integration of EPR within metallomics.
Main Results:
- EPR spectroscopy is uniquely suited for studying native, integrated metallobiomolecular coordination complexes.
- Whole-system bioEPR allows for the examination of these complexes under external stimuli.
- A comprehensive overview of bioEPR techniques and their applications is provided.
Conclusions:
- BioEPR spectroscopy is an invaluable tool for advancing metallomics research.
- The described techniques offer new avenues for understanding metallobiomolecular systems.
- Future applications of bioEPR are anticipated to expand our knowledge of metal ions in biology.