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Warm-up affects diurnal variation in power output
1Department of Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia. kristie.taylor@ausport.gov.au
International Journal of Sports Medicine
|February 10, 2011
Summary
Diurnal variations in power output are linked to body temperature fluctuations. Increasing body temperature through extended warm-ups can mitigate morning performance deficits in explosive power tasks.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Human Physiology
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Athletic performance exhibits diurnal variations, with many metrics peaking in the afternoon.
- These performance fluctuations are hypothesized to be related to circadian rhythms, including body temperature.
- Understanding the role of body temperature in diurnal performance differences is crucial for optimizing training and competition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if diurnal variations in explosive power output are explained by daily changes in core body temperature.
- To determine the effect of warm-up protocols on mitigating time-of-day performance differences.
Main Methods:
- Eight recreationally trained males performed loaded counter-movement jumps under four conditions: morning/afternoon control warm-up and morning/afternoon extended warm-up.
- An extended warm-up involved 20 minutes of cycling to increase whole-body temperature by approximately 0.3°C.
- Kinetic and kinematic jump performance variables were measured using a linear optical encoder.
Main Results:
- Power output was 2-6% higher in the afternoon control condition compared to the morning control condition.
- No significant performance differences were observed between the extended morning warm-up and the afternoon control condition, where body temperatures were comparable.
- These findings suggest a direct relationship between elevated body temperature and improved explosive power.
Conclusions:
- Diurnal variations in whole-body temperature significantly influence explosive power output and related performance variables.
- Warm-up strategies aimed at increasing body temperature can effectively reduce or eliminate morning performance decrements.
- Optimizing warm-up protocols to achieve higher body temperatures may enhance athletic performance, particularly in morning events.
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