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Updated: Jun 4, 2026
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
Published on: June 7, 2018
Structural Changes Study of Co/C and Ni/C Multilayers upon Annealing
V A Chernov1, N I Chkhalo, M V Fedorchenko
1Siberian SR Center at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lavrentyev Avenue 11, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology
|February 11, 2011
Summary
Annealing multilayers like Ni/C and Co/C causes structural changes. Researchers found the optimal annealing temperature for these materials using advanced X-ray techniques.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Multilayers, such as those composed of Nickel/Carbon (Ni/C) and Cobalt/Carbon (Co/C), are crucial in various technological applications.
- Understanding structural evolution during post-deposition treatments like annealing is vital for optimizing material properties.
- Pulsed laser evaporation is a key technique for fabricating high-quality thin films and multilayers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the structural transformations in Ni/C and Co/C multilayers after annealing.
- To determine the optimal annealing temperature for enhancing the structural integrity and properties of these multilayers.
- To correlate structural changes with annealing conditions using advanced characterization methods.
Main Methods:
- Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to probe local atomic environments.
- Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) to analyze crystalline structure and phase formation.
- Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) to investigate nanoscale structural features and layer periodicity.
- Pulsed Laser Evaporation (PLE) for the deposition of Ni/C and Co/C multilayers.
Main Results:
- Detailed analysis of structural changes at films and interfaces within the multilayers upon annealing.
- Identification of specific structural rearrangements and potential phase transitions induced by thermal treatment.
- Determination of the optimum annealing temperature range for both Ni/C and Co/C multilayer systems.
- Correlation between annealing temperature and observed structural modifications.
Conclusions:
- Annealing significantly influences the microstructure and interfacial properties of Ni/C and Co/C multilayers.
- The optimal annealing temperature is critical for achieving desired structural characteristics and material performance.
- EXAFS, WAXS, and SAXS provide complementary insights into the complex structural evolution of these advanced materials.
