Laser-induced damage and recovery of plasmonically targeted human endothelial cells

Laser-induced techniques that employ the surface plasmon resonances of nanoparticles have recently been introduced as an effective therapeutic tool for destroying tumor cells. Here, we adopt a low-intensity laser-induced technique to manipulate the damage and repair of a vital category of noncancerous cells, human endothelial cells. Endothelial cells construct the interior of blood vessels and play a pivotal role in angiogenesis. The degree of damage and repair of the cells is shown to be influenced by laser illumination in the presence of gold nanoparticles of different morphologies, which either target the cellular membrane or are endocytosed. A pronounced influence of the plasmonic nanoparticle laser treatment on the expression of critical angiogenic genes is shown. Our results show that plasmon-mediated mild laser treatment, combined with specific targeting of cellular membranes, enables new routes for controlling cell permeability and gene regulation in endothelial cells.