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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

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Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation
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Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation

Published on: December 31, 2007

CD160: a unique activating NK cell receptor.

Philippe Le Bouteiller1, Julie Tabiasco, Beata Polgar

  • 1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1043, Toulouse F-31300, France. philippe.le-bouteiller@inserm.fr

Immunology Letters
|February 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CD160 is a unique NK cell receptor that recognizes MHC class I molecules. It requires adaptor proteins to signal, triggering cytokine release like IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8.

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A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.
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Published on: December 10, 2007

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation
18:08

Interview: Glycolipid Antigen Presentation by CD1d and the Therapeutic Potential of NKT cell Activation

Published on: December 31, 2007

A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.
09:41

A Method For Production of Recombinant mCD1d Protein in Insect Cells.

Published on: December 10, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD160 is an essential natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor.
  • Its unique characteristics differentiate it from other killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs).
  • CD160's precise function and signaling pathways remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the unique structural and functional properties of the CD160 receptor.
  • To investigate the signaling mechanisms and downstream effects of CD160 engagement.
  • To compare CD160-mediated responses with those of other NK cell receptors.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of CD160 gene conservation across species.
  • Localization studies of the cd160 gene.
  • Phenotypic analysis of CD160 expression on NK cells.
  • Functional assays to assess CD160 recognition of MHC class I molecules.
  • Biochemical studies to identify signaling adaptors and pathways.
  • Cytokine and chemokine profiling following CD160 engagement.

Main Results:

  • CD160 is conserved in mammals and located outside the NK and Leukocyte Receptor Complexes.
  • CD160 expression is characteristic of CD56(dim) CD16+ cytotoxic NK cells.
  • CD160 recognizes both MHC class Ia and Ib molecules.
  • As a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule, CD160 lacks traditional activation motifs and requires adaptor proteins like phosphoinositide-3 kinase for signaling.
  • Engagement of CD160 on circulating NK cells induces significant production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8) and MIP-1β chemokine.
  • CD160-mediated IFN-γ production surpasses that induced by CD16 receptor engagement.

Conclusions:

  • CD160 represents a distinct class of NK cell activating receptor with unique structural and signaling properties.
  • Its ability to recognize MHC class I molecules and recruit signaling adaptors highlights its role in NK cell-mediated immunity.
  • CD160 plays a significant role in orchestrating pro-inflammatory cytokine responses, particularly IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-8, upon engagement with MHC class I molecules.