Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Structure of Blood Vessels01:15

Structure of Blood Vessels

Blood is circulated throughout the human body through a network of blood vessels called the circulatory system. This system includes arteries that transport blood from the heart to various body parts. These arterial pathways divide into smaller vessels until they reach the arterioles, which further split into capillaries. It is within these minuscule capillaries that the exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place. After this exchange, the blood is collected by venules, which fuse to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Change in Effectiveness and Safety Parameters After Initiation of SGLT2 Inhibitors for Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus: A Real-World Observational Study.

Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders·2026
Same author

Defining the Roles of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes With or Without Overweight/Obesity: An International Delphi Consensus.

Advances in therapy·2026
Same author

Estimated Oral Semaglutide Exposure Has Distinct Relationships With Glycaemic Response, Weight Loss and Gastrointestinal Tolerability.

Diabetes, obesity & metabolism·2026
Same author

Rethinking diabetes as a modifier of the weight-loss response to incretin-based therapies. A twin trial meta-regression.

Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD·2026
Same author

Extracellular vesicles as novel mediators of pathology in Anderson-Fabry disease.

Clinical science (London, England : 1979)·2026
Same author

Evidence-Based Positioning of Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease with Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Literature Review.

Advances in therapy·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

Circulating smooth muscle progenitors and atherosclerosis.

Mattia Albiero1, Lisa Menegazzo, Gian Paolo Fadini

  • 1Department of Clinicaland Experimental Medicine, University of Padova Medical School and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova 35129, Italy. mattia.albiero@gmail.com

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
|February 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Smooth muscle cells are key in atherosclerosis progression. Emerging evidence suggests bone marrow progenitors may also contribute to arterial wall lesion development, challenging traditional views.

More Related Videos

Using In Vivo and Tissue and Cell Explant Approaches to Study the Morphogenesis and Pathogenesis of the Embryonic and Perinatal Aorta
10:57

Using In Vivo and Tissue and Cell Explant Approaches to Study the Morphogenesis and Pathogenesis of the Embryonic and Perinatal Aorta

Published on: September 12, 2017

Isolation of Primary Patient-specific Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells and Semiquantitative Real-time Contraction Measurements In Vitro
08:28

Isolation of Primary Patient-specific Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells and Semiquantitative Real-time Contraction Measurements In Vitro

Published on: February 15, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

Using In Vivo and Tissue and Cell Explant Approaches to Study the Morphogenesis and Pathogenesis of the Embryonic and Perinatal Aorta
10:57

Using In Vivo and Tissue and Cell Explant Approaches to Study the Morphogenesis and Pathogenesis of the Embryonic and Perinatal Aorta

Published on: September 12, 2017

Isolation of Primary Patient-specific Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells and Semiquantitative Real-time Contraction Measurements In Vitro
08:28

Isolation of Primary Patient-specific Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells and Semiquantitative Real-time Contraction Measurements In Vitro

Published on: February 15, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic arterial wall inflammatory disease.
  • Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are crucial in lesion development, traditionally migrating from the tunica media.
  • Recent findings propose bone marrow-derived SMC progenitors contribute to atherosclerotic lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the controversial identity and origin of circulating smooth muscle progenitors.
  • To highlight methodological approaches for isolating these progenitors.
  • To examine the role of SMC progenitors in atherosclerosis development and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on cellular origins and isolation techniques.
  • Analysis of existing evidence on smooth muscle cell progenitor contribution.
  • Discussion of methodological challenges in progenitor identification.

Main Results:

  • The origin and identity of circulating smooth muscle progenitors remain debated.
  • Methodological variations impact the isolation and characterization of these cells.
  • SMC progenitors represent a potential, yet controversial, factor in atherosclerotic lesion formation.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to clarify the precise role of bone marrow-derived SMC progenitors in atherosclerosis.
  • Standardized methods are essential for accurate identification and functional studies of SMC progenitors.
  • Understanding SMC progenitor contribution could reveal novel therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.