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Related Concept Videos

Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.Positive Frequency-Dependent SelectionIn positive...
Antibiotic Selection00:57

Antibiotic Selection

Overview
Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal chance to...
Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

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Selection of somatic hybrids by resistance complementation.

R M Hauptmann1, J M Widholm

  • 1Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|March 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Protoplast fusion enables nonsexual genetic transfer between diverse plant cells, including chromosomes and organelles. Resistance complementation is an efficient method for selecting somatic hybrids, overcoming a major obstacle in this technology.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Somatic cell genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Protoplast fusion facilitates nonsexual genetic material transfer across species, genera, families, and kingdoms.
  • This technique allows for the study of somatic cell genetics in plants.
  • Transfer of individual chromosomes, chromosome fragments, and organelles is possible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of protoplast fusion in plant genetics.
  • To address the challenge of selecting somatic hybrids post-fusion.
  • To present resistance complementation as an efficient selection strategy.

Main Methods:

  • Protoplast isolation and fusion.
  • Utilizing resistance complementation for selection.
  • Isolation of heterokaryons from homokaryons and unfused protoplasts.

Main Results:

  • Protoplast fusion allows for interspecific and intergeneric gene transfer.
  • Selection of somatic hybrids remains a critical challenge.
  • Resistance complementation proves to be an efficient method for somatic hybrid selection.

Conclusions:

  • Protoplast fusion is a valuable tool for plant genetic research and breeding.
  • Efficient selection methods are crucial for the success of protoplast fusion.
  • Resistance complementation offers a robust solution for identifying somatic hybrids.