Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dementia l: Introduction01:22

Dementia l: Introduction

Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
Dementia01:30

Dementia

Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
Amnesia01:13

Amnesia

Amnesia is a condition marked by long-term memory loss, which impairs the ability to recall past events or create new memories.
The severity and duration of memory loss vary depending on the type and underlying cause. Amnesia is classified into two main types: retrograde and anterograde.
Retrograde amnesia is marked by the loss of memories formed before the onset of the condition. Patients may recall distant past events but often forget those occurring shortly before the incident.
Anterograde...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Levodopa responsive childhood-onset generalized dystonia with diaphragmatic involvement associated with an SPTBN2 variant.

Parkinsonism & related disorders·2026
Same author

Long-Term Outcomes in Antibody-Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Neurology. Clinical practice·2026
Same author

Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Cross-sectional Study.

Annals of neurosciences·2026
Same author

Association of hyponatremia and risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with acute stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in stroke·2026
Same author

Safety and Efficacy of Carotid Stenting Without Embolic Protection Device in Delayed Window Period: Experience From A Tertiary Care Center.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology·2026
Same author

Barriers and facilitators to advance care planning implementation for patients with neurodegenerative diseases among Indian physicians: a mixed-methods analysis.

BMC health services research·2026
Same journal

Exploring the relationship between snake bites and post-traumatic stress disorder: A prospective study on associated factors.

Indian journal of psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Non-invasive brain stimulation as an experimental treatment approach for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorders: A meta-analysis and systematic review of literature.

Indian journal of psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Re-examining the severity classification utility of the Indian scale for assessment of autism in children with autism having co-morbid conditions.

Indian journal of psychiatry·2026
Same journal

How clinicians think about dual disorders: Insights from a case vignette survey.

Indian journal of psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Teaching and shaping young minds: Perspectives of south Indian medical students on psychiatry education- An online survey.

Indian journal of psychiatry·2026
Same journal

Cognitive and emotional empathy in schizophrenia as State-independent impairment: A multidimensional task paradigm study.

Indian journal of psychiatry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

Reversible dementias.

Manjari Tripathi1, Deepti Vibha

  • 1Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Psychiatry
|March 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early diagnosis of dementia is crucial for identifying treatable conditions. This review highlights common causes of reversible dementia, including depression, drug side effects, and metabolic issues, emphasizing timely intervention.

Keywords:
Dementiareversibletreatable

More Related Videos

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
08:29

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans

Published on: December 18, 2016

A Mouse Model of Single and Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
04:19

A Mouse Model of Single and Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: June 20, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
08:29

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans

Published on: December 18, 2016

A Mouse Model of Single and Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
04:19

A Mouse Model of Single and Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: June 20, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Early diagnostic evaluation of dementia is essential for identifying potentially treatable conditions.
  • Guidelines recommend laboratory tests and brain imaging (CT or MRI) for cognitive symptoms.
  • Some reversible conditions may cause cognitive symptoms without meeting full dementia criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review common causes of potentially reversible dementia.
  • To discuss the importance of identifying and treating these conditions early.
  • To summarize existing literature on reversible dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on reversible dementia.
  • Analysis of frequently observed potentially reversible conditions.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic and treatment considerations.

Main Results:

  • Depression is the most common potentially reversible condition associated with cognitive impairment.
  • Other key causes include drug side effects, substance abuse, space-occupying lesions, normal pressure hydrocephalus, and metabolic/nutritional deficiencies (e.g., hypothyroidism, vitamin B-12 deficiency).
  • Treatable etiologies should be considered even if dementia symptoms are not severe or fully reversible.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt identification and management of reversible causes of dementia are critical.
  • Intervention is warranted even when full reversal of cognitive symptoms is uncertain.
  • A comprehensive diagnostic approach is necessary for patients with cognitive decline.