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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

Malignant melanoma (metastatic).

Rosalie Anne Fisher1, James Larkin

  • 1Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|March 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This systematic review examines chemotherapy and immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma, a disease with poor survival rates. Evidence on various treatments, including dacarbazine and temozolomide, is presented to inform clinical decisions.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

Injection of Syngeneic Murine Melanoma Cells to Determine Their Metastatic Potential in the Lungs
07:31

Injection of Syngeneic Murine Melanoma Cells to Determine Their Metastatic Potential in the Lungs

Published on: May 24, 2016

A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis
07:41

A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis

Published on: March 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Systematic Reviews

Background:

  • Malignant melanoma causes 8100 new UK cases and 1800 deaths annually, primarily due to metastasis.
  • Metastatic melanoma has a median survival of 6-9 months, with only 10% surviving 5 years.
  • Current chemotherapy for metastatic disease is palliative, not curative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of chemotherapy for metastatic melanoma.
  • To assess the effects of immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic review of literature up to March 2010.
  • Searched Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other databases.
  • Included harms alerts from FDA and MHRA.

Main Results:

  • Included 24 systematic reviews, RCTs, and observational studies.
  • Performed GRADE evaluation for intervention quality of evidence.

Conclusions:

  • Presents information on the effectiveness and safety of various interventions.
  • Evaluated treatments including interferon alfa, dacarbazine, temozolomide, and chemotherapy regimens.
  • Considered supportive palliative care alone or with chemotherapy.