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Lens opacities in Valencia, Spain
M Amparo Díez-Ajenjo1, M Carmen García-Domene, José M Artigas
1Fundación Oftalmológica del Mediterráneo (FOM), Valencia, Spain. amparo.diez@uv.es
European Journal of Ophthalmology
|April 5, 2011
Summary
Gender influences cataract type, with cortical cataracts more common in women and subcapsular cataracts in men. Geographical factors like solar radiation also play a role in cataract formation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
Background:
- Cataracts are a leading cause of vision impairment globally.
- Understanding the epidemiology of different cataract types is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the most prevalent types of lens opacities in Valencia, Spain.
- To analyze cataract types by gender, age, and severity.
- To compare findings with international studies across different latitudes and ethnicities.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of 1951 eyes from patients aged 30-96 diagnosed with cataracts.
- Classification of cataracts using the Lens Opacities Classification System III.
- Grading of cataract severity as mild or moderate to advanced.
Main Results:
- Corticonuclear cataracts are most common in the elderly, while subcapsular cataracts are prevalent in younger individuals.
- Nuclear cataracts (28.4%) are the most frequent type when combined cataracts are excluded.
- Cortical cataracts show higher incidence in women (70%), and subcapsular cataracts in men (70%).
Conclusions:
- A significant gender factor in cataract formation is suggested.
- Findings align with studies at similar latitudes (40°N) and diverse racial populations.
- Geographical location, particularly solar radiation exposure, appears more influential than race in specific cataract types, though other factors contribute.
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