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Gene expression changes in the human diaphragm after cardiothoracic surgery.
Tseng-Tien Huang1, Harsha V Deoghare, Barbara K Smith
1Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla, USA.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|April 6, 2011
Summary
Cardiothoracic surgery rapidly alters diaphragm gene expression, upregulating stress and inflammation genes. This impacts muscle biology during and after prolonged procedures.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Physiology
- Surgical Science
Background:
- Cardiothoracic surgery involves cardiopulmonary bypass and mechanical ventilation.
- Diaphragm function can be affected by prolonged surgical procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) gene expression in the human diaphragm during cardiothoracic surgery.
- To investigate the impact of surgical stress on diaphragm muscle biology.
Main Methods:
- Paired diaphragm biopsy samples were collected from 5 male patients during cardiothoracic surgery.
- Messenger RNA (mRNA) was profiled using microarray analysis.
- Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validated differentially expressed genes.
Main Results:
- Microarray analysis revealed 779 differentially expressed gene products.
- Genes associated with stress response, redox regulation, and inflammation were upregulated.
- Significant upregulation of cathepsin C, cathepsin L1, interleukin-6, and MuRF-1 was observed.
Conclusions:
- Cardiothoracic surgery induces rapid changes in human diaphragm gene expression.
- These alterations include genes involved in stress response, inflammation, redox regulation, and proteolysis.
- Findings offer insights into diaphragm muscle biology following extensive cardiothoracic procedures.
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