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Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects01:25

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects

A perfect crystal, in theory, has a uniform structure with the same unit cell and lattice points throughout. However, any deviation from this periodic arrangement is known as an imperfection or defect. These defects can be categorized into three types: point, line, and plane defects.Point defects occur when there is a deviation from the ideal due to missing atoms, displaced atoms, or additional atoms. These imperfections might occur due to imperfect packing during crystallization or because of...
Crystallographic Point Groups01:29

Crystallographic Point Groups

Crystallographic point groups represent the various symmetry operations that can occur within crystals. They are unique in that at least one point will always remain unchanged during these actions. For instance, consider the triclinic system. This system, devoid of any axis or plane of symmetry, aligns with the C1 and Ci point groups.where Cᵢ is characterized solely by a center of inversion.Contrastingly, the monoclinic system introduces an element of symmetry. This system with one plane and...

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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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Topological crystalline insulators.

Liang Fu1

  • 1Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|April 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered topological crystalline insulators, a new class of materials with unique metallic surface states. These materials expand the understanding of band topology and topological phases in insulators.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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Published on: April 12, 2018

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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • The discovery of topological insulators has renewed interest in the band topology of insulators.
  • Understanding band topology is crucial for developing novel electronic materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend the topological classification of band structures by incorporating crystal point group symmetry.
  • To identify and characterize a new class of topological materials.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical classification of band structures.
  • Inclusion of crystal point group symmetry in topological analysis.
  • Characterization of band structures using new topological invariants.

Main Results:

  • Identification of three-dimensional topological crystalline insulators.
  • Discovery of metallic surface states with quadratic band degeneracy on high symmetry crystal surfaces.
  • These materials are counterparts to topological insulators lacking spin-orbit coupling.

Conclusions:

  • Topological crystalline insulators represent a new family of topological phases in band insulators.
  • This work provides a theoretical framework and stimulates the search for these materials in real-world applications.