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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
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Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...

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Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord
10:46

Diffusion Imaging in the Rat Cervical Spinal Cord

Published on: April 7, 2015

Diffusion MR imaging: basic principles.

Edward Yang1, Paolo G Nucifora, Elias R Melhem

  • 1Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|April 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion MR imaging techniques now noninvasively characterize brain microstructure and connectivity, evolving from simple acute cerebral ischemia detection. This review covers essential principles for clinical neuroradiologists using these advanced brain MR imaging tools.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Neuroradiology

Background:

  • Diffusion MR imaging originated for acute cerebral ischemia detection.
  • Techniques have evolved into versatile tools for brain analysis.
  • It is a mainstay in clinical and investigational brain MR imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review the basic principles of diffusion MR imaging techniques.
  • Target the content for clinical neuroradiologists.
  • Provide a foundation for understanding advanced applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental diffusion MR imaging principles.
  • Focus on concepts relevant to clinical application.
  • Explanation tailored for neuroradiologists.

Main Results:

  • Diffusion MR imaging offers noninvasive characterization of brain microstructure.
  • It enables the assessment of brain connectivity.
  • The techniques are crucial for both diagnosis and research.

Conclusions:

  • Diffusion MR imaging is essential for understanding brain tissue properties.
  • Mastering its principles is key for effective clinical neuroradiology.
  • The review provides a comprehensive overview for practitioners.