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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Plasma Polishing as a New Polishing Option to Reduce the Surface Roughness of Porous Titanium Alloy for 3D Printing
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Osteoblastlike cell adhesion on titanium surfaces modified by plasma nitriding.

Jose Sandro Pereira da Silva1, Sandro Campos Amico, Almir Olegario Neves Rodrigues

  • 1Departamento de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil. jspsilva@gmail.com

The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
|April 13, 2011
PubMed
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Cold plasma nitriding enhances titanium surfaces, promoting better osteoblast cell adhesion. Rougher surfaces created by cathodic cage discharge showed significantly improved cell attachment compared to polished titanium.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Titanium is a widely used biomaterial in orthopedic and dental implants.
  • Surface modifications are crucial for improving the osseointegration of titanium implants.
  • Cold plasma nitriding is a promising technique for altering titanium surface properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of cold plasma nitriding on titanium surfaces.
  • To assess the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblastlike cells on modified titanium.
  • To compare different plasma nitriding methods for their effect on cellular response.

Main Methods:

  • Grade 2 titanium samples were modified using polishing, plasma direct current nitriding, and cathodic cage discharge nitriding.

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  • Osteoblastlike cell (MC3T3) adhesion and proliferation were quantified.
  • Cellular morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.
  • Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests.

    • Main Results:

    • Cathodic cage discharge nitriding resulted in rougher titanium surfaces.
    • Significantly greater MC3T3 cell attachment was observed on rougher surfaces compared to polished samples (P < .05).

    Conclusions:

    • Cold plasma nitriding effectively modifies titanium surfaces, enhancing roughness and wettability.
    • Improved surface characteristics promote enhanced osteoblastlike cell adhesion.
    • Plasma nitriding is a viable strategy for improving the biocompatibility of titanium implants.