[Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)].
Kyosuke Kanai1, Souichi Yamada, Naoki Inoue
1Laboratory of Herpesviruses, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640.
Uirusu
|April 15, 2011
Summary
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles. This review covers VZV infection models, spread, entry, unique genes, immune responses, and treatments, offering insights into alpha-herpesvirus biology.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), an alpha-herpesvirus, causes primary varicella and reactivated zoster.
- VZV shares similarities with herpes simplex virus (HSV) but possesses unique biological traits.
Purpose:
- To review recent research on VZV, focusing on its unique characteristics and pathogenesis.
- To consolidate findings on VZV animal models, viral dissemination, cellular entry, gene functions, host immunity, and therapeutic strategies.
Summary:
- The review examines VZV infection through animal models, detailing viral spread from respiratory mucosa via T cells to the skin.
- It explores cellular receptors for VZV entry, the functions of VZV-specific genes essential for in vivo replication and latency, and host immune responses including viral immune evasion.
- Current advancements in varicella vaccines and anti-VZV drugs are also discussed.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive overview of VZV biology, aiding researchers in understanding herpesvirus pathogenesis.
- Highlights key areas for developing novel VZV therapies and preventative strategies.
- Facilitates comparative studies between VZV and other alpha-herpesviruses like HSV.
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