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Asthma in sickle cell disease: implications for treatment
1Biomedical Research Department, Center for Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Translational Research, Nemours Children's Clinic, 807 Children's Way, Jacksonville, FL 32207, USA.
Anemia
|April 15, 2011
Summary
Asthma in sickle cell disease patients increases risks for acute chest syndrome and death. Management requires careful use of asthma medications, with further research needed.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Pulmonology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder with significant pulmonary complications.
- Asthma is a common comorbidity in SCD patients, impacting disease severity and outcomes.
- The interplay between asthma and SCD requires a comprehensive understanding for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the challenges and management strategies for asthma in patients with sickle cell disease.
- To synthesize current knowledge on the prevalence, risk factors, and potential mechanisms linking asthma and SCD.
- To identify gaps in research and guide future therapeutic interventions.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of medical literature was conducted using databases like MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL.
- Search terms included "asthma" and "sickle cell disease," along with related terms for medications and biomarkers.
- Publications from 1947 to November 2010 were analyzed for relevance to asthma in the SCD population.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of asthma in children with SCD ranges widely, from 2% to 50%.
- Asthma exacerbates SCD, increasing risks for acute chest syndrome, mortality, and painful episodes.
- Potential links include nitric oxide dysregulation, leukotriene overproduction, Vitamin D deficiency, and early acetaminophen exposure.
Conclusions:
- Standard asthma medications can be used in SCD patients, but require specific safety considerations.
- Further prospective, controlled trials are essential to establish optimal drug treatments for asthma in the context of SCD.
- Understanding the unique pathophysiology is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
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