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Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...

Introduction To Health Care Delivery System

Introduction To Health Care Delivery System

The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs

Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...

Tertiary Healthcare System

Tertiary Healthcare System

Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care to...

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...

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High medicine prices and poor affordability.

¹Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. suhgh@chol.com

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

|May 3, 2011

Summary

Many essential medicines are unaffordable in low-income countries. Strategies like eliminating taxes and regulating mark-ups can improve medicine affordability and access for all.

Area of Science:

Health Economics
Pharmaceutical Policy
Global Health

Background:

Out-of-pocket payments are a primary barrier to medicine access in developing nations.
Significant affordability gaps exist for essential medicines, particularly for chronic conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review literature on the affordability of medicines in low- and middle-income countries.
To identify and analyze strategies for closing the medicine affordability gap.

Main Methods:

Literature review of publications on medicine affordability.
Analysis of pricing, mark-ups, and government procurement practices.
Case study analysis of generic competition and national drug programs.

Main Results:

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Cardiovascular and dementia medicines are largely unaffordable in low- to middle-income settings.
High mark-ups in private pharmacies and government overpayment for medicines inflate costs.
Generic competition and nonprofit generic production significantly reduce drug prices and improve access, as seen in AIDS treatment programs.

Conclusions:

Reducing manufacturer prices is impactful, but policy interventions are crucial.
Eliminating duties and taxes on medicines can lower costs.
Regulating mark-ups in the supply chain is a practical strategy to prevent excessive add-on costs and improve affordability.