Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...
Operant Conditioning01:21

Operant Conditioning

Operant conditioning, a key concept in behavioral psychology, involves using reinforcement and punishment to alter the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. B.F. introduced this type of conditioning. Skinner focused on voluntary behaviors and the consequences that follow them, influencing whether these behaviors will be strengthened or diminished.
Reinforcement in operant conditioning can be positive or negative, both of which serve to increase the likelihood of a behavior. Positive...
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...
Community Based Intervention01:30

Community Based Intervention

Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Essential Yet Invisible: Professional Identity Formation Among Academic Internal Medicine Hospitalists.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same author

"We're Kind of in This Weird Space": How Asian Americans physicians navigate perspectives towards race-conscious admissions.

Medical education·2026
Same author

From publication to Dissemination: Using Social Media to Extend Scholarly Reach and Impact.

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·2026
Same author

From invitation to impact: navigating your medical education podcast guest appearance.

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·2026
Same author

Towards justice: Applying Rawlsian fairness to health professions education.

Medical education·2026
Same author

The illusion of academic freedom and the promise of the undercommons.

Medical education·2026

Related Experiment Videos

Change in action: using positive deviance to improve student clinical performance.

Zareen Zaidi1, Tara Jaffery, Afshan Shahid

  • 1Department of Medical Education, Foundation University Medical College, Jinnah Avenue, DHA Phase 1, Islamabad, Pakistan. zareenmd@yahoo.com

Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice
|May 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The Positive Deviance (PD) framework identified successful student strategies to improve clinical performance. Peer learning groups using these PD behaviors enhanced medical interviewing and clinical judgment skills significantly.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Medical students often struggle with clinical performance assessments despite strong academic results.
  • Identifying and leveraging successful learning strategies is crucial for improving clinical skills.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the Positive Deviance (PD) framework to identify and disseminate effective learning strategies among third-year medical students.
  • To enhance overall group clinical performance through peer-to-peer learning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a six-step PD Conceptual Framework with 50 third-year medical students during internal medicine rotation.
  • Assessed students using mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (mini-CEX) and 360° evaluations.
  • Identified high-performing students, interviewed them for novel behaviors, and facilitated peer learning groups.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant improvements (p < 0.05) were observed in medical interviewing and clinical judgment for the PD group compared to a control group.
  • Reliability of assessment methods (mini-CEX and 360° evaluation) was confirmed with high generalizability coefficients (EP(2) 0.95 and 0.92, respectively).
  • PD peer learning groups effectively disseminated successful learning behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • The Positive Deviance approach effectively highlights beneficial, often unnoticed, student behaviors.
  • PD-based learning strategies can significantly improve medical students' clinical skills and group performance.
  • This framework offers a valuable tool for enhancing clinical education in medical colleges.