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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice
11:46

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Published on: April 27, 2014

Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome.

Linda M French1, Neelam Bhambore

  • 1University of Toledo College of Medicine, OH, USA. linda.french@utoledo.edu

American Family Physician
|May 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) affects over 1 million people, primarily women, with unknown causes. Current treatments vary, but research on combination therapies for IC/PBS is limited.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gynecology
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a chronic condition affecting over 1 million individuals in the U.S.
  • Primarily diagnosed in women, IC/PBS symptoms include pelvic pain, dyspareunia, urinary urgency, frequency, and nocturia.
  • The exact cause of IC/PBS remains unknown, necessitating differential diagnosis to exclude infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic methods and treatment options for IC/PBS.
  • To highlight the limited research on combination or multimodal therapies for IC/PBS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic tools: questionnaires, potassium sensitivity test, anesthetic bladder challenge, cystoscopy with hydrodistension.
  • Summary of treatment modalities: oral medications (pentosan polysulfate sodium, antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants, immune modulators), intravesical instillations (dimethyl sulfoxide, pentosan polysulfate sodium, heparin), dietary changes, and supplements.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice
11:46

Urinary Bladder Distention Evoked Visceromotor Responses as a Model for Bladder Pain in Mice

Published on: April 27, 2014

Assessment of Perigenital Sensitivity and Prostatic Mast Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Neonatal Maternal Separation
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  • Identification of FDA-approved treatments: pentosan polysulfate sodium (oral) and dimethyl sulfoxide (intravesical).

    • Main Results:

    • Established diagnostic protocols exist for IC/PBS.
    • Multiple therapeutic options are available, including FDA-approved oral and intravesical medications.
    • Clinical trials for individual therapies are often limited in scope and duration.

    Conclusions:

    • Current research on IC/PBS lacks robust, long-term studies on individual treatments.
    • There is a significant gap in research regarding the efficacy of combination or multimodal therapeutic approaches for IC/PBS.