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Related Concept Videos

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Carbocations02:10

Carbocations

Carbocations are one of the reaction intermediates formed during several nucleophilic substitutions or elimination reactions. A carbocation is an electron-deficient species with the central carbon atom having six electrons and three bonded atoms. The central carbon in a carbocation is sp2 hybridized with trigonal planar geometry. It has an empty p orbital perpendicular to the plane of the structure that can accept electrons. Thus, carbocations act as strong electrophiles and may react with any...

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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
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Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines

Published on: June 23, 2019

Methyl pyrazine-2-carboxyl-ate.

Chang-Hua Zhang, Xue-Jie Tan, Dian-Xiang Xing

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 18, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study characterizes a planar organic compound, C(6)H(6)N(2)O(2). Molecules form a 3D network through weak intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure.

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    Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

    Published on: November 23, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Chemical Physics

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular structure and intermolecular forces is crucial in materials science.
    • Crystal engineering relies on predicting and controlling how molecules pack.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the crystal structure and molecular geometry of the title compound C(6)H(6)N(2)O(2).
    • To investigate the intermolecular interactions governing the compound's solid-state assembly.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to analyze the crystal structure.
    • Analysis of atomic deviations from planarity and intermolecular contact distances.

    Main Results:

    • The title compound C(6)H(6)N(2)O(2) exhibits an approximately planar molecular geometry, with a root-mean-square deviation of 0.0488(3) Å.
    • Weak intermolecular interactions, specifically C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, were identified.
    • These interactions facilitate the formation of an infinite three-dimensional network in the crystal.

    Conclusions:

    • The planar nature of the molecule and the identified weak interactions dictate the observed 3D crystal packing.
    • This structural insight contributes to the broader understanding of crystal formation and intermolecular forces in organic solids.