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A case of hypocalcemia-related epilepsia partialis continua
M Belluzzo1, F Monti, G Pizzolato
1University of Trieste, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Italy. marco.belluzzo@hotmail.com
Seizure
|May 31, 2011
Summary
Acute hypocalcemia (low calcium) can trigger epilepsia partialis continua (EPC), a continuous jerking syndrome. This case study highlights how correcting low calcium levels resolved EPC symptoms, suggesting a potential underlying cause for this neurological condition.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare neurological syndrome characterized by continuous focal seizures.
- Cerebrovascular disease is the most common cause of EPC in adults.
- Acute severe hypocalcemia is a known potent epileptogenic disturbance.
Observation:
- A 74-year-old woman developed EPC following a stroke and Clostridium difficile enterocolitis.
- The patient presented with continuous jerking of the right face, shoulder, and arm.
- Standard antiepileptic treatments were ineffective.
Findings:
- Biochemical analysis revealed severe hypocalcemia (serum calcium 1.2 mmol/L).
- Intravenous calcium gluconate administration led to the gradual cessation of jerking movements.
- Neurological imaging and neurophysiological studies did not identify new lesions or cortical activity.
Implications:
- This case suggests acute hypocalcemia as a probable cause of EPC.
- Correction of ionic imbalance can effectively treat hypocalcemia-induced EPC.
- Highlights the importance of biochemical monitoring in refractory focal epilepsy cases.
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