Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 1, 2026

06:56
Tree Core Analysis with X-ray Computed Tomography
Published on: September 22, 2023
TimeTree2: species divergence times on the iPhone
1Center for Evolutionary Medicine and Informatics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5301, USA.
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
|May 31, 2011
Summary
Finding species divergence times is now easier with the TimeTree knowledgebase. This resource provides accessible data from molecular evolution studies for scientists and the public.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Evolution
- Phylogenetics
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Estimating species divergence times is crucial for various scientific and educational purposes.
- Information on divergence times is often difficult to access within the scientific literature.
- Existing data formats are frequently inaccessible to standard text search engines.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a public knowledgebase for accessing species divergence time estimates.
- To enable data-driven queries of peer-reviewed molecular evolution and phylogenetics publications.
- To make evolutionary divergence data readily available to a broad audience.
Main Methods:
- Creation of a public knowledgebase (TimeTree2) integrating data from published molecular clock analyses.
- Development of a user-friendly query system accepting common or scientific organism names.
- Inclusion of data from 910 studies and 17,341 species covering diverse life forms.
Main Results:
- The TimeTree2 resource provides accessible timetrees from molecular clock analyses.
- The database contains divergence estimates for 17,341 species, sourced from 910 publications.
- Complex and hierarchical data are interpreted for user queries.
Conclusions:
- TimeTree2 facilitates easy access to published species divergence times.
- The resource supports scientists, educators, and the general public in understanding evolutionary history.
- Accessibility is enhanced through a website and an iPhone application, removing the need for specialized knowledge of evolutionary nomenclature.
Related Concept Videos
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Phylogenetic Trees
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
Phylogenetic Trees
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
Phylogeny
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire...
Speciation Rates
Speciation can proceed at markedly different rates, and evolutionary biologists commonly describe these differences through the models of gradualism and punctuated equilibrium. Both patterns explain how new species arise, but they differ in the tempo and continuity of evolutionary change. In both cases, evolutionary change arises from heritable variation within populations, with natural selection often shaping traits that improve survival and reproduction under specific environmental conditions.
Microbial Phylogeny
Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...