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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
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A room-temperature semiconductor spaser operating near 1.5 μm.

R A Flynn1, C S Kim, I Vurgaftman

  • 1Optical Sciences Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA.

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|June 7, 2011
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Researchers demonstrated room-temperature spasing of surface plasmon polaritons at 1.46 μm using a gold-film waveguide and InGaAs quantum wells. This breakthrough paves the way for electrically operated integrated microchips.

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Plasmonics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are coherent oscillations of electrons at a metal-dielectric interface.
  • Spasing, or stimulated emission, in plasmonic systems offers potential for compact light sources.
  • Achieving room-temperature operation is crucial for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate room-temperature spasing of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at a specific wavelength.
  • To investigate the feasibility of using quantum-well gain media for SPP generation.
  • To explore an architecture adaptable for integrated microelectronic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a gold-film plasmonic waveguide.
  • Integration of optically pumped Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) quantum-well gain media.
  • Utilizing a flip-chip approach to create a 1-mm long cavity with cleaved facets for mirror feedback.

Main Results:

  • Successful demonstration of room-temperature spasing of SPPs at 1.46 μm wavelength.
  • Observed gain narrowing and transverse-magnetic polarization, characteristic of spasing.
  • Achieved a pump threshold of approximately 60 kW/cm2 at 1.06 μm, consistent with theoretical calculations.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully demonstrated room-temperature spasing of SPPs using a novel waveguide architecture.
  • The developed system exhibits key characteristics of spasing and aligns with theoretical predictions.
  • The architecture is highly adaptable for future development towards all-electrical operation on integrated microchips.