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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview

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Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency
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Humanized Mediator Release Assay as a Read-Out for Allergen Potency

Published on: June 29, 2021

Thioredoxin in allergic inflammation.

Wataru Ito1, Noriko Kobayashi, Masahide Takeda

  • 1Department of Infection, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology
|June 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thioredoxin (TRX) is an antioxidant protein crucial for asthma management. Studies show TRX suppresses allergic inflammation and modulates eosinophil activity, offering potential therapeutic benefits for asthma patients.

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Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation
07:16

Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation

Published on: June 21, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Thioredoxin (TRX) is a key antioxidant protein involved in regulating reactive oxygen species and maintaining redox balance.
  • Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma.
  • TRX's role in allergic reactions, particularly asthma, warrants further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological role of Thioredoxin (TRX) in allergic reactions.
  • To discuss the mechanisms by which TRX exerts beneficial effects in asthma.
  • To highlight the significance of TRX in the context of allergic airway inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TRX and its role in oxidative stress and inflammation.
  • Analysis of studies investigating TRX's effects on allergic inflammation in asthma models.
  • Examination of research on TRX's modulation of eosinophil chemotaxis.
  • Correlation of serum TRX levels with asthma exacerbations.

Main Results:

  • TRX demonstrates a capacity to suppress allergic inflammation in animal models of asthma.
  • TRX directly influences eosinophil chemotaxis, a critical factor in allergic airway inflammation.
  • Elevated serum TRX levels are observed during asthma attacks compared to asymptomatic periods.
  • TRX plays a significant role in the antioxidant system and redox balance.

Conclusions:

  • TRX is a critical regulator of oxidative stress and inflammation relevant to asthma.
  • TRX's direct modulation of eosinophil activity suggests a key role in allergic airway inflammation.
  • Increased serum TRX levels during asthma attacks indicate its involvement in disease exacerbation.
  • TRX represents a potential therapeutic target for managing allergic asthma.