[A case of carcinosarcoma of the urinary bladder]

A 66-year-old woman visited our hospital complaining of painful, irritative urinary symptoms and macroscopic hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a non-papillary tumor covered with necrotic tissue on the right side of the posterior wall of the bladder. Transurethral resection was performed ; histologically, the tumor was found to be composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. The carcinomatous element consisted of urothelial and squamous cell carcinomas. The sarcomatous element was composed of osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and spindle cell sarcoma. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the carcinomatous component was positive for cytokeratin and the sarcomatous component was positive for S-100 protein. The patient underwent total cystectomy with ileal conduit under the diagnosis of carcinosarcoma. Pathological examination showed no residual tumor. She was followed up with no signs of recurrence or metastasis. Computed tomography (CT) at nine months following surgery showed no evidence of recurrence. However, thirteen months after the operation, she complained of lower abdominal pain, and CT demonstrated a bulky intrapelvic tumor and right hydronephrosis. Her condition worsened rapidly and she died one month later.