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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns
07:32

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Published on: April 10, 2017

Heat fluctuations in a nonequilibrium bath.

J R Gomez-Solano1, A Petrosyan, S Ciliberto

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5672, 46, Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon CEDEX 07, France. juan.gomez_solano@ens-lyon.fr

Physical Review Letters
|June 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

We studied energy fluctuations in aging gelatin using an optical trap. Results show heat flux from the particle to the bath, explained by fluctuation theorems.

Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Non-equilibrium statistical mechanics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Aging materials like gelatin exhibit complex dynamics.
  • Brownian motion in non-equilibrium systems is crucial for understanding energy transfer.
  • Optical traps provide precise control over microscopic particles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure energy fluctuations of a Brownian particle in aging gelatin.
  • To analyze these fluctuations within the framework of fluctuation theorems.
  • To investigate heat flux in a quenched aging system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an optical trap to confine a Brownian particle.
  • Performing fast quenches (less than 1 ms) in aging gelatin.
  • Measuring energy fluctuations and analyzing them using fluctuation theorems.

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Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine
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Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine

Published on: March 13, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

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07:32

Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns

Published on: April 10, 2017

Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine
08:16

Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine

Published on: March 13, 2017

Main Results:

  • Observed strong non-equilibrium fluctuations due to gel assemblage.
  • Interpreted fluctuations as a heat flux from the particle to the bath.
  • Derived an analytical expression for heat probability distribution that fits experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • The system's behavior is consistent with fluctuation relations for systems with two baths at different temperatures.
  • Fast quenches in aging gels induce significant non-equilibrium effects.
  • Fluctuation theorems provide a valid framework for analyzing heat flux in such systems.