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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Category-selective background connectivity in ventral visual cortex.

Samuel V Norman-Haignere1, Gregory McCarthy, Marvin M Chun

  • 1Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|June 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain regions for faces and scenes interact dynamically. Background connectivity between the fusiform gyrus (FG) and parahippocampal cortex (PHC) changes based on task relevance, revealing new insights into visual processing networks.

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Using Informational Connectivity to Measure the Synchronous Emergence of fMRI Multi-voxel Information Across Time
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Using Informational Connectivity to Measure the Synchronous Emergence of fMRI Multi-voxel Information Across Time
07:12

Using Informational Connectivity to Measure the Synchronous Emergence of fMRI Multi-voxel Information Across Time

Published on: July 1, 2014

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
07:11

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • The ventral visual cortex has specialized regions for object categories.
  • Interactions between these regions during object recognition are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interactions between the face-selective fusiform gyrus (FG) and the scene-selective parahippocampal cortex (PHC).
  • To determine how these interactions are modulated by different visual tasks, independent of stimulus-evoked responses.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel approach to identify task-set-specific "background connectivity" patterns.
  • Assessed modulation of FG-PHC background connectivity during face and scene processing tasks.

Main Results:

  • FG-PHC background connectivity strength varied with task relevance.
  • Connectivity increased when attending to scenes and decreased when attending to faces.
  • Posterior occipital cortex showed selective correlation with FG during face tasks and PHC during scene tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Category specificity in visual processing extends to dynamic interactions between brain regions.
  • Background connectivity patterns reflect task demands and contribute to object recognition.