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Iron deficiency as a risk factor for simple febrile seizures--a case control study

P Leela Kumari1, M K C Nair, S M Nair

  • 1Clinical Epidemiology Resource and Training Centre (CERTC), Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. leela_suresh2005@yahoo.co.in

Indian Pediatrics
|July 2, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Iron deficiency significantly increases the risk of simple febrile seizures in children aged 6 months to 3 years. This study highlights iron deficiency as a key risk factor for febrile seizures in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Simple febrile seizures are common in children aged 6 months to 3 years.
  • The role of iron deficiency as a risk factor for febrile seizures requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between iron deficiency and simple febrile seizures in children.
  • To determine if iron deficiency is a significant risk factor for simple febrile seizures.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted with 154 children diagnosed with simple febrile seizures and 154 age-matched controls.
  • Iron deficiency was diagnosed using WHO criteria, including hemoglobin, red cell distribution width, and serum ferritin levels.
  • Statistical analysis, including univariate and multivariate logistic regression, was performed to assess the association and adjust for confounders.

Main Results:

  • A highly significant association was found between iron deficiency and simple febrile seizures.
  • The crude odds ratio for iron deficiency was 5.34, and the adjusted odds ratio was 4.5, indicating a substantially increased risk.
  • These findings remained significant in both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Iron deficiency is confirmed as a significant risk factor for simple febrile seizures in children aged 6 months to 3 years.
  • Early diagnosis and management of iron deficiency may play a role in preventing febrile seizures in susceptible children.
Abstract

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