[Polymorphisms of lipoprotein lipase gene and their participation in metabolic processes]

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a central role in dyslipidemia and development of metabolic syndrome. The occurrence of polymorphisms of the LPL gene may result in the disturbance in the lipid metabolism and pathogenesis of CAD. Carriers of X447 allele were reported to have lower triglyceride and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels as well as a reduced risk of CAD. The patiens with hypertriglicerydemia are carriers of common PLP mutations as Asp9Asn,Asn291Ser, Trp86Arg, Gly188Glu, Pro207Leu, and Asp250Asn. LPL is an interesting enzyme that contributes in a pronounced way to normal metabolism, including insulin action, body weight regulation, energy balance, and atherosclerosis. In this rewiev, the roles of polymorphism LPL and their implications in the control of lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis are discussed, especially in the group of risk developing metabolic syndrome - children with low birth weight (below 2500 g).