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Related Concept Videos

Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Restriction Enzymes01:11

Restriction Enzymes

Restriction enzymes are bacterial enzymes used to cut DNA in a sequence-specific manner. To cleave DNA, they bind to specific palindromic sequences called restriction sites. Such palindromic DNA sequences or inverted repeats are commonly found in regions of functional significance, such as the origin of replication, gene operator sites, and regions containing transcription termination signals.
The host bacteria protect their own genomic DNA from these enzymes by methylating these sites. Some...
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
DNA Helicases00:55

DNA Helicases

DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...

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Updated: May 31, 2026

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods
10:40

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods

Published on: December 21, 2019

HDV-like self-cleaving ribozymes.

Chiu-Ho T Webb1, Andrej Lupták

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.

RNA Biology
|July 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) ribozymes are self-cleaving RNA enzymes. Researchers discovered an HDV-like ribozyme in human DNA that may influence memory, expanding the known roles of these important biological molecules.

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Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides
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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods
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Analysis of Group IV Viral SSHHPS Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods

Published on: December 21, 2019

Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides
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Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides

Published on: June 2, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • HDV ribozymes are catalytic RNA molecules crucial for the replication of the hepatitis delta virus.
  • These ribozymes facilitate self-cleavage from viral transcripts.
  • Recent studies link a specific HDV-like ribozyme found in the human CPEB3 gene to episodic memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and biological roles of HDV-like ribozymes beyond hepatitis delta virus replication.
  • To identify novel functional ribozymes within the human genome and other organisms.
  • To explore the potential functions of these ribozymes in cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro selection techniques were employed to identify self-cleaving ribozymes from a human genomic library.
  • Bioinformatic analyses, focusing on the secondary structure of the HDV/CPEB3 ribozyme fold, were used to search for homologous sequences.
  • Genomic mapping was performed to determine the location and potential functions of identified ribozymes.

Main Results:

  • An HDV-like ribozyme was identified in the second intron of the human CPEB3 gene.
  • Bioinformatic searches revealed numerous functional HDV-like ribozymes across diverse organisms.
  • Genomic mapping suggested roles in 5' processing of non-LTR retrotransposons and other biological functions.

Conclusions:

  • The family of HDV-like ribozymes is larger and more biologically significant than previously appreciated.
  • These ribozymes play diverse roles in various organisms, including potential involvement in human memory and retrotransposon processing.
  • Continued research into HDV-like ribozymes promises to uncover further biological functions and therapeutic applications.