Synthesis of an O-sulfo Lewis(X) analog as glycolipid antigen

The title compound containing dihydroceramide as a ligand for CD1d was accomplished using the mannosyl, glucosaminyl, and fucosyl donors, and a sphinganine analogue, as suitable building blocks. The 2-O-unprotected mannosyl donor was coupled effectively with the sphinganine analog to afford the mannnosyl sphinganine derivative. The coupling of the glucosaminyl donor with the mannnosyl sphinganine acceptor required triflic acid as a promoter and the promoter change to silver triflate led to the undesired glycal production. The reduction of azide group using Zn powder was the key process, in which the amount of acetic acid was restricted to avoid the benzoyl migration and N-trichloroacetyl deprotection. The trisaccharide glycolipid was sulfonated at the 3-position of fucose moiety.