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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
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Observation of subdiffusion in a disordered interacting system.

E Lucioni1, B Deissler, L Tanzi

  • 1LENS and Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, UniversitĂ  di Firenze, and INO-CNR, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. lucioni@lens.unifi.it

Physical Review Letters
|July 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding interactions to atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in disordered lattices causes subdiffusive transport. This interaction-assisted hopping reveals the disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Atomic physics

Background:

  • Atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) exhibit unique quantum phenomena.
  • Disordered potentials and nonlinearity significantly alter matter-wave transport dynamics.
  • Quasiperiodic lattices provide a tunable platform to study localization and transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transport dynamics of matter-waves in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.
  • To explore the interplay between disorder and nonlinearity in a quasiperiodic lattice.
  • To characterize the subdiffusive behavior induced by repulsive interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental realization of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a quasiperiodic optical lattice.
  • Introduction of controlled repulsive atom-atom interactions.
  • Measurement of transport dynamics and comparison with numerical simulations and a heuristic model.

Main Results:

  • In the absence of interactions, the BEC is localized.
  • Addition of repulsive interactions leads to slow expansion and subdiffusive behavior.
  • Measured subdiffusion characteristics align with theoretical predictions of interaction-assisted hopping.

Conclusions:

  • Subdiffusion in this system is driven by interaction-assisted hopping between localized states.
  • The spatial correlation of the disorder plays a crucial role in the observed transport dynamics.
  • This study provides insights into quantum transport in interacting disordered systems.