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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

Types Of Superconductors

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

Superconductor

Superconductor

A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals

Lattice Energies of Ionic Crystals

Lattice energy represents the energy released when gaseous cations and anions combine to form an ionic solid, reflecting the strength of electrostatic interactions within the crystal. This process is fundamentally governed by Coulombic attraction between oppositely charged ions, where the potential energy varies inversely with the interionic distance and directly with the product of ionic charges. As ions approach one another, the electrostatic energy becomes increasingly negative, indicating a...

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...

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Related Experiment Video

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Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO₃/SrTiO₃ Heterostructures

Published on: February 8, 2018

LaCo2B2: a Co-based layered superconductor with a ThCr2Si2-type structure.

Hiroshi Mizoguchi¹, Toshiaki Kuroda, Toshio Kamiya

¹Frontier Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Japan.

Physical Review Letters

|July 21, 2011

Summary

The study introduces LaCo(2)B(2), a novel cobalt-based superconductor in the 122-type family. This material exhibits bulk superconductivity around 4 K when doped, a significant finding in condensed matter physics.

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Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride

Comparison of Two Different Synthesis Methods of Single Crystals of Superconducting Uranium Ditelluride

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

LaCo(2)B(2) possesses a ThCr(2)Si(2)-type (122) structure with alternating La and CoB layers.
Undoped LaCo(2)B(2) displays metallic conductivity and Pauli paramagnetism down to 2 K.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the emergence of superconductivity in LaCo(2)B(2) through elemental substitution.
To explore the electronic structure and bonding characteristics influencing magnetic and superconducting properties.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of substituted LaCo(2)B(2) compounds.
Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to analyze electronic structure and bonding.

Main Results:

Bulk superconductivity with a critical temperature (T(c)) of approximately 4 K was observed in doped samples, specifically (La(1-x)Y(x))Co(2)B(2) and La(Co(1-x)Fe(x))(2)B(2).
DFT calculations revealed strong covalent bonding between Co 3d and B 2p orbitals, suppressing magnetic ordering in undoped samples.
This work presents the first cobalt-based superconductor within the 122-type family.

Conclusions:

Elemental substitution effectively induces superconductivity in the LaCo(2)B(2) system.
The electronic structure, characterized by significant Co-B covalent bonding, plays a crucial role in the material's magnetic and superconducting behavior.
The discovery of this Co-based 122 superconductor opens new avenues for research in unconventional superconductivity.