Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers energy to a nearby...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effect on compression of lowering the design adiabat in the SQ-n campaign.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Direct Experimental Proof of the Principal Role of Reduced High-Mode Hydrodynamic Mix in Recent Ignition Success on NIF.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Expiratory flow limitation in highly trained endurance athletes: The role of FEF<sub>25-75%</sub> and ventilatory capacity during treadmill running.

Respiratory physiology & neurobiology·2025
Same author

Direct Evidence of Multispecies Hydrodynamics in Ignition-Scale Hohlraums.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Neutron imaging of the deuterium-tritium tamping gas volume in an inertial confinement fusion hohlraum.

The Review of scientific instruments·2024
Same author

Neutron source reconstruction using a generalized expectation-maximization algorithm on one-dimensional neutron images from the Z facility.

The Review of scientific instruments·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate
11:57

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate

Published on: September 13, 2019

Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry at Low and Ultra low Fields.

P Volegov1, M Flynn, R Kraus

  • 1Applied Modern Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA.

IFMBE Proceedings
|July 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Ultra-low field (ULF) magnetic resonance (MR) offers new ways to study slow molecular dynamics and enhance medical imaging. This technique uses sensitive sensors and pulsed fields for improved signal detection and contrast.

More Related Videos

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
09:14

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla

Published on: January 6, 2019

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
09:30

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease

Published on: December 18, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate
11:57

Measuring the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Magnetic Field Dependence of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate

Published on: September 13, 2019

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
09:14

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla

Published on: January 6, 2019

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
09:30

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease

Published on: December 18, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Medicine

Background:

  • Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are vital scientific and medical tools.
  • Ultra-low field (ULF) magnetic resonance (MR) has recently become practical, operating between 1 microTesla and 1 milliTesla.
  • Pulsed pre-polarizing fields and advanced SQUID sensors significantly improve ULF MR signal strength and detection sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of ULF MR to probe slow molecular dynamics (milliseconds timescale).
  • To investigate the frequency dependence of relaxation at ULF for biomolecular dynamics.
  • To enhance contrast in medical applications of ULF-MRI for improved diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Performing MR experiments in the ultra-low field regime (1 microT - 1 mT).
  • Utilizing pulsed pre-polarizing fields to enhance signal strength.
  • Employing ultra-sensitive SQUID sensor technology for detection.
  • Developing instruments and techniques to study relaxation versus frequency at ULF.

Main Results:

  • ULF MR Larmor frequencies (1 Hz - 100 kHz) overlap with slow molecular processes (diffusion, protein folding, ligand binding).
  • Frequency-dependent relaxation at ULF can reveal biomolecular dynamics on the millisecond timescale.
  • Resonance-enhanced coupling at ULF improves contrast in medical ULF-MRI applications.

Conclusions:

  • ULF MR provides a unique window into slow molecular dynamics relevant to various scientific fields.
  • The technique has potential applications in host-pathogen interactions, biofuels, and biomediation.
  • ULF-MRI shows promise for enhanced diagnostic techniques, with ongoing applications in brain imaging and explosives detection.