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Neonatal Informatics: Computerized Physician Order Entry

Jonathan P Palma1, Paul J Sharek, David C Classen

  • 1Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.

Neoreviews
|August 2, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) enhances patient safety in electronic medical records (EMR). Implementation in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) requires careful decisions for maximum quality and safety benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Computerized physician order entry (CPOE) is a key feature of electronic medical record (EMR) systems.
  • CPOE offers significant potential for improving healthcare quality and patient safety.
  • These benefits may be particularly pronounced in high-risk settings like neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the fundamental aspects of CPOE and clinical decision support (CDS) systems.
  • To describe the potential advantages of integrating CPOE with CDS within a NICU setting.

Main Methods:

  • This article focuses on defining CPOE and CDS systems.
  • It reviews the literature and expert consensus on CPOE implementation in NICUs.
  • The discussion emphasizes the impact of local implementation choices on outcomes.

Main Results:

  • CPOE, especially when integrated with CDS, can significantly enhance patient safety and care quality.
  • Specific benefits in NICUs include reduced medical errors and improved adherence to best practices.
  • Successful implementation hinges on tailored local strategies and system design.

Conclusions:

  • CPOE implementation, particularly with CDS, holds substantial promise for improving quality and safety in NICUs.
  • The realization of these benefits is contingent upon thoughtful and context-specific implementation decisions.
  • Further research and standardized best practices are needed to optimize CPOE in neonatal care.

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