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Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...

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Fabrication of VB2/Air Cells for Electrochemical Testing
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Published on: August 5, 2013

New multi-electron high capacity anodes based on nanoparticle vanadium phosphides.

Timothy N Lambert1, Danae J Davis, Steven J Limmer

  • 1Department of Materials, Devices and Energy Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, P.O. Box 5800, MS-0734, New Mexico 87185, USA. tnlambe@sandia.gov

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|August 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoscale vanadium phosphides offer high capacity anodes for alkaline batteries. An anion exchange membrane prevents corrosion, enabling capacities up to 2800 mAh g(-1).

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Developing high-capacity anode materials is crucial for advanced battery technologies.
  • Aqueous electrolytes offer safer and more sustainable alternatives to organic electrolytes.
  • Corrosion of anode materials in aqueous electrolytes remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nanoscale vanadium phosphides as high-capacity anodes in alkaline aqueous electrolytes.
  • To address and mitigate competing corrosion reactions that limit anode performance.
  • To evaluate the electrochemical performance of vanadium phosphide anodes with a novel protective membrane.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of nanoscale vanadium phosphide materials.
  • Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling.
  • Implementation of an anion exchange membrane to protect the anode surface.
  • Performance evaluation in alkaline aqueous electrolyte systems.

Main Results:

  • Nanoscale vanadium phosphides demonstrate potential as high-capacity anode materials.
  • Capacities as high as 2800 mAh g(-1) were achieved at a discharge rate of 100 mA g(-1).
  • The anion exchange membrane effectively suppressed corrosion reactions, enhancing stability and performance.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoscale vanadium phosphides are promising candidates for high-performance anodes in aqueous batteries.
  • The use of an anion exchange membrane is a viable strategy to overcome corrosion issues.
  • This approach significantly boosts the energy storage capacity in alkaline aqueous systems.