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Related Concept Videos

Bile01:19

Bile

Bile is a crucial bodily fluid, characterized by its yellow-green color and alkaline nature. Produced in the liver, it is transported through the common hepatic duct into either the cystic duct, leading to the gallbladder, or directly into the common bile duct. The flow of bile is regulated by the sphincter of Oddi located at the entrance of the duodenum. When this sphincter is closed, bile is redirected to the gallbladder for storage and concentration.
Bile is released when dietary fats enter...
Lipid Absorption01:24

Lipid Absorption

Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors01:16

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors

The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Using Multi-fluorinated Bile Acids and In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Bile Acid Transport
08:42

Using Multi-fluorinated Bile Acids and In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Bile Acid Transport

Published on: November 27, 2016

New insights into bile acid malabsorption.

Ian Johnston1, Jonathan Nolan, Sanjeev S Pattni

  • 1Section of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK. i.johnston@imperial.ac.uk

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|August 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Bile acid malabsorption, causing diarrhea, is often under-recognized. Diagnosis can be improved by measuring bile acid synthesis and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) levels.

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Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine
06:55

Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine

Published on: August 21, 2017

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Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Using Multi-fluorinated Bile Acids and In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Bile Acid Transport
08:42

Using Multi-fluorinated Bile Acids and In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Measure Bile Acid Transport

Published on: November 27, 2016

Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine
06:55

Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine

Published on: August 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Bile acid malabsorption disrupts enterohepatic circulation, leading to diarrhea.
  • Current diagnostic methods like fecal bile acid measurement and SeHCAT retention have limitations.
  • Primary bile acid diarrhea is common but often under-diagnosed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore alternative diagnostic methods for bile acid malabsorption.
  • To investigate the role of bile acid synthesis and FGF19 in primary bile acid diarrhea.
  • To improve the recognition and diagnosis of this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring fecal bile acids.
  • Utilizing selenohomocholyltaurine (SeHCAT) retention tests.
  • Assessing 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one for bile acid synthesis.
  • Evaluating fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) production.

Main Results:

  • Primary bile acid diarrhea may stem from overproduction rather than malabsorption.
  • Defective FGF19 production from the ileum is implicated as a cause.
  • SeHCAT testing is not universally available, hindering diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Primary bile acid diarrhea is likely caused by excessive bile acid production, possibly due to impaired FGF19 signaling.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies are needed for this under-recognized condition.
  • Measuring bile acid synthesis and FGF19 may offer alternative diagnostic pathways.