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Related Concept Videos

Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
Centrosome Duplication02:25

Centrosome Duplication

The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
To ensure that each daughter cell receives a centrosome after cell division, centrosome duplication...
Centrioles and Centrosomes01:13

Centrioles and Centrosomes

Most animal cells comprise a pair of centrioles together called a centrosome. The cell duplicates its centrosome and contains two centrosomes side-by-side, which begin to move apart during the prophase. As the centrosomes migrate to two different sides of the cell, microtubules start extending from each centrosome toward the other end. The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes and their emerging microtubules.
Near the end of the prophase, also called late prophase or "prometaphase,"...
Forces Acting on Chromosomes02:11

Forces Acting on Chromosomes

During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis. 
Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...
Forces Acting on Chromosomes02:11

Forces Acting on Chromosomes

During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis. 
Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...
Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2026

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes
09:39

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

Published on: December 20, 2014

FBXW5 controls centrosome number.

Julia Pagan, Michele Pagano

    Nature Cell Biology
    |August 3, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    FBXW5 controls the degradation of HsSAS-6, a key factor in centriole assembly. This study reveals FBXW5 as a target of PLK4 and APC/C, crucial for regulating centriole duplication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Centriole duplication is essential for cell division, but the precise regulatory mechanisms preventing overduplication remain unclear.
    • The centriole assembly factor HsSAS-6 plays a critical role in initiating the formation of new centrioles.

    Discussion:

    • This study identifies FBXW5 as a key regulator that targets HsSAS-6 for degradation, thereby preventing centriole overduplication.
    • FBXW5 itself is proposed to be a substrate of PLK4 (Polo-like kinase 4) and the Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome (APC/C).
    • These findings place FBXW5 within the established regulatory network of centriole duplication, involving PLK4 and APC/C.

    Key Insights:

    • FBXW5 mediates the degradation of the centriole assembly factor HsSAS-6.
    • FBXW5 acts as a crucial link in the regulatory pathway controlling centriole duplication.
    • The study implicates FBXW5 in the coordinated action of PLK4 and APC/C to ensure proper centriole numbers.

    Outlook:

    • Further investigation into the precise interactions between FBXW5, PLK4, and APC/C will elucidate the complete mechanism of centriole duplication control.
    • Understanding these regulatory pathways could offer insights into developmental disorders and cancers associated with centriole abnormalities.