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Related Experiment Videos

Orbital emphysema causing vision loss after a dental extraction.

M J Buckley1, T A Turvey, S P Schumann

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
|April 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

High-speed dental drills can cause orbital emphysema and optic nerve damage. This risk arises when air-powered instruments are used near open wounds, potentially affecting vital structures.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Ophthalmology
  • Surgical Complications

Background:

  • High-speed air-cooled rotary cutting instruments are standard in dental procedures.
  • The forced air from these instruments poses a risk of subcutaneous emphysema when used near open wounds.
  • Vital structures can be compromised by the dissemination of air under pressure.

Observation:

  • A case of orbital emphysema occurred during the extraction of a mandibular second molar.
  • A pneumatically cooled drill was utilized in the surgical procedure.
  • The patient experienced optic nerve damage secondary to the emphysema.

Findings:

  • The use of air-powered dental drills can lead to the unintended spread of air into surrounding tissues.
  • Orbital emphysema, characterized by air in the eye socket, is a potential complication.

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  • Optic nerve compromise is a severe consequence that can result from this iatrogenic emphysema.

    • Implications:

    • Dental practitioners must be aware of the risks associated with air-cooled instruments near surgical sites.
    • Careful technique and consideration of alternative methods may be necessary to prevent air embolism.
    • Prompt recognition and management of orbital emphysema are crucial to mitigate optic nerve damage and preserve vision.