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How Data are Classified: Categorical Data01:11

How Data are Classified: Categorical Data

A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. Data are the actual values of variables. They may be numbers, or they may be words. Datum is a single value.
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Updated: May 30, 2026

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
07:31

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

Supervised versus unsupervised categorization: two sides of the same coin?

Emmanuel M Pothos1, Darren J Edwards, Amotz Perlman

  • 1Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. e.m.pothos@swansea.ac.uk

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|August 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored the relationship between supervised and unsupervised categorization, finding ease of learning, memory, and preference are closely linked. These findings encourage unified theories for categorization but pose new research questions.

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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
14:38

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2026

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
07:31

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
14:38

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Supervised and unsupervised categorization are typically studied separately.
  • Previous research has begun exploring potential links between these two categorization approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare unsupervised categorization with supervised categorization methods.
  • To investigate the relationship between ease of learning, memory, and spontaneous preference in classification tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two experiments with 375 participants.
  • Utilized nine distinct stimulus sets for classification tasks.
  • Analyzed the association between learning ease, memory, and preference, controlling for the number of category labels.

Main Results:

  • Ease of learning, memory for a classification, and spontaneous preference were found to be closely associated.
  • The number of category labels in supervised learning was considered in the analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the pursuit of unified theoretical frameworks for both supervised and unsupervised categorization.
  • The results introduce complex theoretical questions for future research in categorization.